Extra copy of chromosome 21
Founding edition · 2026
Public Health Atlas · Registry surveillance
Birth defects
Chromosomal conditions, recent regional trends, historical WNY county records, registry methods, and current local-data limitations.
Read the geography and period first
Current public values use NYS-excluding-NYC geography, while the county series ends in 2014. WNYAtlas keeps them separate and never ranks rates based on fewer than 12 cases.
Official registry evidence
Chromosomal conditions are documented—but the local and current releases use different geographies.
NYSDOH publishes recent annual values for New York State excluding New York City and an older county file through 2014. WNYAtlas keeps those evidence streams separate rather than presenting the regional series as a Western New York estimate.
Current series1992–2022NYS excluding NYC
Historical county series2000–2014Three-year periods
Conditions in registry49Selected major defects
Unstable threshold<12 casesDo not rank
Latest regional record · 2022
Selected chromosomal conditions
Counts are children recorded by the registry; prevalence is per 10,000 live births in NYS excluding NYC.
Chromosomal deletion syndrome
Deletion 22q11.2
2.88per 10,000 live births33 reported childrenMissing or altered X chromosome
Turner syndrome
1.57per 10,000 live births18 reported childrenExtra copy of chromosome 18
Trisomy 18
1.13per 10,000 live births13 reported childrenExtra copy of chromosome 13
Trisomy 13
0.78per 10,000 live births9 reported children · small countRecent trend · regional
Down syndrome, 2018–2022
Annual NYS-excluding-NYC prevalence. Year-to-year movement is descriptive and is not evidence of an environmental cause.
201812.44146 cases
201912.65147 cases
202013.39151 cases
202111.58136 cases
202214.47166 cases
Historical county record · 2012–2014
Down syndrome in WNY counties
Every rate based on fewer than 12 cases is marked unstable and intentionally left unranked.
| County | Cases | Live births | Per 10,000 | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allegany | 3 | 1,461 | 20.53 | Unstable |
| Cattaraugus | 2 | 2,746 | 7.28 | Unstable |
| Chautauqua | 3 | 4,223 | 7.10 | Unstable |
| Erie | 39 | 29,927 | 13.03 | Reportable |
| Genesee | 1 | 1,796 | 5.57 | Unstable |
| Niagara | 7 | 6,493 | 10.78 | Unstable |
| Orleans | 1 | 1,236 | 8.09 | Unstable |
| Wyoming | 1 | 1,153 | 8.67 | Unstable |
Geography comes from the mother's residence at the time of birth. It does not reconstruct pregnancy exposures or earlier addresses.
A child with more than one reported defect may appear in more than one condition category. Categories must not be added together.
Registry completeness improved over time, including web reporting and linkage with hospital billing records. Apparent trends may partly reflect ascertainment.
Maternal age, genetics, diagnosis, reporting, and many other factors shape these records. County differences do not identify a cause.
New York State Department of Health · Birth Defects Registry
Birth Defect Prevalence: 1992–2022
Current public annual series. The local reference used here is NYS excluding NYC; it is not a WNY estimate.
Open official source ↗New York State Department of Health · Environmental Public Health Tracking
Historical county birth-defects export
Official three-year county counts and live-birth denominators covering 2000–2014.
Open official source ↗New York State Department of Health
About Birth Defects Data
Registry definitions, geography, reporting method, and the fewer-than-12 instability rule.
Open official source ↗Optional environmental context
Open the documentary record without implying causation.
Health statistics and environmental history remain separate by default. These links preserve that distinction while making related records easy to inspect.
Main environmental mapIndustry, cleanup sites, landfills, PFAS, and documented waste locations →Radiological legacyFUSRAP, LOOW, Linde, uranium-processing history, and survey records →Changed waterways and fillFilled wetlands, altered channels, shoreline expansion, and aerial evidence →Documented airborne risksOfficial plumes, dates, geographic limits, and source records →
Methodology and sources
Every value keeps its source period and geography.
The latest public file is statewide/regional. Historical county counts remain available through 2014 and are explicitly labeled when statistically unstable.
New York State Department of Health
Community Health Indicator Reports — Latest Data
County values, counts, denominators, reporting periods, and source descriptions used by the standardized comparison system.
Open official source ↗New York State Department of Health
Community Health Indicator Reports dashboard
Official visualization, definitions, and interpretation context.
Open official source ↗New York State Department of Health
Prevention Agenda subcounty data
Official ZIP and other subcounty records where the source supports local geography.
Open official source ↗New York State Department of Health
New York State Opioid Data Dashboard
Separate annual and provisional opioid surveillance; not silently merged with CHIRS periods.
Open official source ↗